Certain years in European history — 1789, 1914 and 1989 among them — mark major inflection points, where history that had seemed to be going in one direction suddenly veered off into another. 1848, by ...

It may be difficult to see ourselves as Pharaohs or Caesars, but the enduring (and romantic) image of long-haired radicals storming the barricades is very familiar. The ideological battle lines of ...

A new history by Christopher Clark on the 1848 revolutions. In the final pages of Revolutionary Spring, the historian Christopher Clark writes that “the revolutions of 1848 seemed as old as ancient ...

In a recent post I discuss six policies that spurred the Industrial Revolution in England – opening up immigration, weakening the guilds, investing in infrastructure, privatizing agricultural land, ...

In November 1847, the Pozsony Diet was opened by the emperor of the Austrian empire: Ferdinand. At that time, no one could have imagined this would be the last feudal Diet in Hungarian history. That ...

An article about the conditions of the working class in the German States and Vienna in the 1840s and the early beginnings of class consciousness it provoked and its expression in the 1848 revolutions ...

In “Revolutionary Spring,” the Cambridge historian Christopher Clark argues for the lasting impact of the uprisings that engulfed Europe in 1848. By Alexander Zevin When you purchase an independently ...

Revolutionary Spring. By Christopher Clark. Allen Lane; 896 pages; £35. To be published in America by Crown in June; $40 At the outset of this magnificent chronicle of the events leading up to and ...

March Revolution Against the background of a revolutionary situation existing since 1847 and increasingly worsened by the outbreak of a cyclic economic crisis, the German March revolution began in the ...