Genetic engineering is poised to help biopharma realize the potential benefits of commercial-scale, plant-based protein production, according to a leading researcher. The idea of making therapeutic ...

Plant cells are surrounded by an intricately structured protective coat called the cell wall. It’s built of cellulose microfibrils intertwined with polysaccharides like hemicellulose or pectin. We ...

Artistic rendering of cellulose biosynthesis with zoomed in view. Individual cellulose chains (dark brown) are synthesized by plasma membrane-bound (purple) cellulose synthase enzyme complexes (cream) ...

When scientists grow cells in culture, they fine tune factors such as medium ingredients, cell number, and incubator temperature to mimic the human body. However, one culture condition that ...

Human bodies defend themselves using a diverse population of immune cells that circulate from one organ to another, responding to everything from cuts to colds to cancer. But plants don't have this ...

Scientists in Japan have created hybrid plant-animal cells, essentially making animal cells that can gain energy from sunlight like plants. The breakthrough could have major benefits for growing ...

Every plant cell is the product of a biological merger billions of years ago. Chloroplasts are key structures in plants and ...

Scientists have created a new atlas of plant cells during immune response, in turn discovering a new rare cell state, called Primary IMmunE Responder (PRIMER), that acts as an immune response hub to ...