Network Layer: Handles routing of data packets across networks and includes protocols like IP. Transport Layer: Ensures reliable data transfer and includes protocols like TCP and UDP.

Design and implement standard networks consisting of routers, addressing, DNS, and applications in simulated environments. Explain the use and importance of the OSI network layer addressing and ...

Routing is performed by network layer devices. It will deliver packets by selecting an optimal path from one network to the other.

What is a network switch? A network switch is a physical device that operates at the Data Link layer of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model — Layer 2.

It consists of four layers: Application Layer: Handles high-level protocols like HTTP, FTP, SSH, and DNS. Transport Layer: Ensures reliable or fast data delivery via TCP or UDP. Internet Layer: ...

Loki allows auditing layer 3 routing protocols by abusing and highlighting configuration weaknesses. I love new security testing tools.

TCP/IP SWITCHING/ROUTING DECISIONS Layer and Forwarding Protocol Decision Inspected Based on 2 - Ethernet MAC address 3 - IP Network address 3 - IP Service quality 4 - TCP/UDP Traffic type socket ...