A programming language structure wherein the data and their associated processing ("methods") are defined as self-contained entities called "objects." Becoming popular in the early 1990s and the norm ...

The examination of a problem by modeling it as a group of interacting objects. An object is defined by its class, data elements and behavior. For example; in an order processing system, an invoice is ...

The object-oriented paradigm popularized by languages including Java and C++ has slowly given way to a functional programming approach that is advocated by popular Python libraries and JavaScript ...

This paper reviews some programming techniques in R that have proved useful, particularly for substantial projects. These include several versions of object-oriented programming, used in a large ...

One of the easiest ways to understand what is meant by ‘object oriented’, is to define what it is not. Before Object Oriented Programming (OOP) programs were written an imperative way, essentially a ...