The field of endodontics has progressively refined its diagnostic and treatment approaches, particularly in the management of periapical infections that may jeopardise adjacent neurovascular ...

The mandible exhibits complex anatomical variations that are critical for successful surgical interventions and local anaesthetic procedures. The mandibular ramus houses several key landmarks – ...

The inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is a branch of the trigeminal nerve and plays a vital role in providing sensation to the lower lip. However, surgical procedures such as mandibulectomy can result in ...